Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk in South Korea using an immunoaffinity column and liquid chromatography |
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| Authors: | Ji Eun Lee Byung-Man Kwak Jang-Hyuk Ahn Tae-Hong Jeon |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Center for Crop Utilization Research, Iowa State University, Ames, 50011, IA, USA;2. Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA;1. Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan;2. Food Toxicology Lab., Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), P.O. Box 128, Faisalabad 38950, Pakistan;3. Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, New York University, USA;1. Department Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran;3. Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran;4. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;5. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran;6. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran;7. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;8. Environmental Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran;9. Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran;10. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;11. Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80. Caixa Postal: 6121, CEP: 13083-862, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;2. Food Safety Research Centre (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;3. Food Toxicology Lab, Plant Protection Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan;4. Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China;2. Ministry of Agriculture – Milk and Dairy Product Inspection Center (Beijing), Beijing 100193, PR China;3. Ministry of Agriculture – Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products (Beijing), Beijing 100193, PR China;4. College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China |
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| Abstract: | The level of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) contamination in raw milk produced in South Korea was investigated using immunoaffinity column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector. A total of 100 raw milk samples were collected from 100 cattle ranches located in three different provinces of South Korea. Forty eight out of 100 raw milk samples contained AFM1 at low level (0.002–0.08 μg/L) with mean value of 0.026 μg/L. Among the AFM1 contaminated samples, 29 raw milk samples contained only traceable amount of AFM1 below the limit of LOQ, 0.02 μg/L. None of samples exceeded the maximum level (0.5 μg/L) of Korean regulation for AFM1 in milk. The limit of detection was 0.002 μg/L. The result of recovery test with 0.5 μg/L AFM1 in raw milk sample was 96.3% (SD 3.6, n = 5). This is the first pioneering study to investigate the level of AFM1 in raw milk used in dairy industries in South Korea. |
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