平衡装载约束下的车辆路径问题研究

针对车辆三维装载约束下的车辆路径问题（3L-VRP）进行研究，引进车辆的平衡装载约束，综合考虑传统的先进后出、局部支撑、脆弱性等约束，构建平衡装载约束下的车辆路径问题（BL-VRP）模型。针对模型中的平衡约束，提出一种接触面积的装载算法。在此基础上，构建以回溯遗传算法（B-GA）为骨架的多阶段算法框架，对车辆路径优化进行求解。研究结果表明，多阶段算法不仅在解决3L-VRP上好于目前已有算法，同时对BL-VRP表现优秀。提出的多阶段算法为解决BL-VRP问题提供一条参考思路，但在时效性上需要进一步完善。

Research on vehicle routing problem under balance loading constrain

This paper took vehicle routing problem(3L-VRP) with three-dimensional loading constraints as the research object, introducing equilibrium loading constraint of the vehicle, considering the traditional advanced backwards, local support, and fragility constraints, constructing the vehicle routing problem(BL-VRP) model with balanced loading constraints. Considering the equilibrium constraints in the model, it proposed a loading algorithm of contact area. On this basis, the method used a multi-stage algorithm framework based on backtracking genetic algorithms(B-GA) to solve vehicle routing optimization. The research results show that the multi-stage algorithm is not only better than the existing algorithms in solving 3L-VRP, but also effective for BL-VRP. Although multi-stage algorithm providing a reference idea for solving the BL-VRP problem, it needs further improvement in timeliness.