蝴蝶翅膀表面非光滑鳞片对润湿性的影响

对8科34属48种蝴蝶翅膀表面的润湿性进行了定性、定量研究。用扫描电子显微镜对蝴蝶翅膀表面进行观察得到:鳞片长为55~150μm,宽为35~105μm,鳞片上突起的高为200~950 nm。用视频光学接触角测量仪对翅膀表面的静态接触角和滚动角进行测量得到:接触角为134.0°~159.2°,表明翅膀表面具有较强的疏水性;顺向滚动角均小于3°,逆向滚动角均大于65°,表明翅膀鳞片结构具有明显的各向异性。蝴蝶翅膀表面的润湿性是由鳞片微米和纳米结构协同作用的结果。

Effect of non-smooth scale on surface wettability of butterfly wings

The surface wettability of the butterfly wings of forty-eight species(thirty-four genera,eight families) was qualitatively and quantitatively studied.Scanning electronic microscopy observation shows that the length of the wings' scales is in the range from 55 μm to 150 μm and the width is in the range from 35 μm to 105 μm.The gibbosities on some scales with height of 200 nm to 900 nm were also observed.The static contact angle of water droplet on the surfaces of the wings was measured using an optical contact angle measuring system.Results show that the contact angle is in the range from 134.0° to 159.2°,which indicates the surfaces of the wings are super-hydrophobic.The rolling angle along the scale arrangement is smaller than 3° and against the arrangement is larger than 65°,indicating that the scale structure of the wings is evidently anisotropic.The wettability of the surface of the wings is attributed to the co-effects of the micro-and nano-structures of the scales.