中国地下储气库现状及技术发展方向

中国地下储气库建设经过多年探索,已经进入一个新的发展阶段。已经投产的11座地下储气库群设计工作气量达到180×10~8 m~3,在国内天然气调峰安全保供中发挥了重要作用。但国内地下储气库建设仍面临不少困难:①储气库工作气量增长速度慢,落后于调峰需求量增长的速度;②建设工程技术难度大,投资成本高;③安全运行压力大,风险识别和控制困难;④库址资源少,建库条件复杂;⑤尤其是在现有天然气价格体制下,储气库难以通过自身运营获得经营效益。究其原因,主要是已经形成的运营方式和建库技术尚不足以应对市场和复杂地质条件所带来的挑战。为破解这一系列难题,在开展市场化运作模式探索的同时,更需要加大技术攻关力度,加强研究地质评价与气藏工程、钻井完井工程、储气库注采工程、地面配套工艺及储气库完整性评价等多个方面的核心技术,大幅提高储气库建库效率,以促进我国地下储气库的可持续发展。

The status quo and technical development direction of underground gas storages in China

UGS (underground gas storage) construction in China has stepped into a new development stage after years of exploration. The eleven UGSs that have been put into production play an important role in domestic natural gas peak shaving safety and supply guarantee, with designed working gas volume of 180×108 m3, but there are still various difficulties in UGS construction in China. Firstly, the increasing speed of working gas volume is slower than that of peak shaving demand volume. Secondly, the UGS building engineering is difficult in technologies and high in investment costs. Thirdly, safe operation is under high pressure and it is hard to identify and control risks. Fourthly, there are fewer candidate UGS sites in China and UGS building conditions are complicated. And fifthly, it is difficult for those UGSs to realize economic benefits only based on their own operation under the existing natural gas price systems. To sum up, the currently available UGS operation modes and building technologies in China are not sufficient to cope with the challenges resulted from markets and complex geologic conditions. Facing all these challenges, it is necessary not only to explore market driven operation modes, but also to strengthen technology tackling and carry out core technological research and development, including geologic evaluation, gas reservoir engineering, drilling and completion engineering, UGS injection and gas recovery engineering, surface auxiliary technologies and UGS integrity evaluation, so that UGS building efficiency can be increased greatly.