高效液相色谱法测定8个彩色马铃薯品种中花青素种类和含量

采用高效液相色谱法,以表皮和薯肉为研究对象,定量分析8个彩色马铃薯品种块茎中花青素的种类和含量。研究发现,彩色马铃薯块茎中最多含有6种花青素,即飞燕草色素、矢车菊色素、矮牵牛色素、天竺葵色素、芍药色素和锦葵色素。紫色马铃薯块茎中主要花青素为矮牵牛色素、芍药色素和锦葵色素,红色马铃薯块茎中主要花青素是天竺葵色素和芍药色素。飞燕草色素和芍药色素广泛存在于彩色马铃薯(紫色和红色)块茎的表皮中,而红色马铃薯块茎中未检测到锦葵色素。品种之间差异显著(P0.05),其中紫云1号的总花青素含量最高。块茎表皮的花青素含量约是薯肉的6~176倍,且大部分品种的表皮花青素种类比薯肉多。彩色马铃薯块茎的表皮富含丰富的花青素,是天然色素和抗氧化剂的重要来源。

Determination of Anthocyanidin Composition of Different Pigmented Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivars by HPLC

The anthocyanidin composition of the tuber of eight pigmented potato cultivars was analyzed by high performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed that pigmented potato tubers contained up to six anthocyanidins, namely,
delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, pelargonidin, peonidin and malvidin. Petunidin, peonidin and malvidin were the dominant
anthocyanidins in purple-colored potatoes, while pelargonidin and peonidin were the main anthocyanidins in red-colored
potatoes. Delphinidin and peonidin were widely found in the skin of pigmented potato tuber. No malvidin was detected in
red-colored potatoes. Significant differences in anthocyanidin content exited among potato cultivars, among which, Ziyun
No.1 had the highest content of anthocyanidin. Anthocyanidin contents in the skin were 6 to 176 times higher than in the
flesh. The number of anthocyanidins detected in the skin of most potato cultivars was greater than in the flesh. In conclusion,
pigmented potato skin, an important source of natural pigments and antioxidants, is rich in anthocyanidins.