箱装苹果振动特性及损伤的试验研究

振动损伤是引起果品采后损耗的主要因素之一,研究振动强度、缓冲包装结构等因素对果品振动损伤的影响对控制和降低果品运输损伤具有重要意义.以正交试验为基础,研究了振动强度、缓冲包装结构和包装箱内果品放置层数这3个因素对苹果损伤率与果品振动传递率的影响,并用新的试验手段得到了振动工况下箱内各层果品的加速度变化情况.结果表明,3个因素对苹果损伤率和果品振动传递率均有影响,其中振动强度对其影响最为显著,缓冲包装结构、箱内果品放置层数的重要性依次减小;振动试验条件下,箱内各层苹果的加速度由下向上逐渐增加;不同试验条件下果品振动传递率不同,振动传递率越小,苹果损伤率越低.

Experimental Research on Vibration Property and Bruising of Apples

Vibration bruising is one of main factors influencing fruits' damage.Research on vibration strength and cushion packaging construction is important to reduce and control bruising of fruits.The three fac- tors influencing bruising ratio and vibration transmissibility,including vibration strength,cushion packaging construction,and layers of apples in the boxes were discussed.The accelerations of every-layer apple in the box were also conducted by new method.The results showed that bruising ratio and vibration transmissibility are both influenced by the three factors,and vibration strength has significant effect on bruising ratio of apples,the significance of packaging construction and layers of apples follow by in sequence;the accelerations of every-lay- er apple increases gradually from bottom to top layer;the vibration transmissibility are different on different ex- perimental condition,and the bruising ratio reduces while the transmissibility becomes smaller.