Copper deoxidation kinetics utilizing carbon monoxide

Gaseous deoxidation of liquid copper with carbon monoxide as the reducing gas has been examined. The reducing gas was introduced at a submerged orifice so that well characterized, single bubbles were formed. The deoxidation kinetics are determined primarily by the mass transport of oxygen in liquid copper. No effect of sulfur over the range of 10 to 200 ppm was observed. Increasing the temperature from 1113 to 1173°C slightly inhibit the kinetics of oxygen removal. Formerly Graduate Students, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931 This paper is based on a portion of the dissertation submitted by R. J. Andreini in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Michigan Technological University.