基于波束计算的水下声学探测设备声兼容传播过程分析

对于搭载多种声学探测设备的水下平台，不同设备的信号可能会产生相互干扰。因此，根据探测设备的波束特性，针对水下平台对海底的探测情形，来分析探测设备声兼容传播过程的特性。结合射线声学和海底散射模型，建立了声兼容分析中声传播的计算方法，并且分析了传播过程中各种因素对声兼容设计的影响。结果表明，在算例的波束条件下，声速剖面对声兼容性的影响较小，而特定类型的海底底质的影响较大。此外，水下平台距海底越高，或者波束偏转越大，声学设备间的相互干扰就越大。为了尽可能减小干扰信号的影响，应尽量避免干扰信号的发射波束和接收波束交叠，此外还给出了波束覆盖角阈值和干扰信号衰减的关系。

Analysis of acoustic compatibility for underwater acoustic survey devices by beam computation

For the underwater platform with mutiple acoustic survey devices, the signals of different devices may interfere with each other. The anti-interference performance of space separation method is therefore analyzed based on the beam patterns of acoustic survey devices in seafloor survey. The acoustic compatibility algorithm is established by combining ray acoustics and high-frequency bistatic scattering model for elastic seafloors. The influences of multiple factors on acoustic compatibility design are analyzed. The results indicate that for the beam pattern of the calculation example, the sound velocity profile is a minor factor, while for specific types of seafloor it is a major factor. If the distance between underwater platform and seafloor is larger or the beam deflection is larger, the design of acoustic compatibility will be more difficult. In order to minimize the impact of interference signals, the transmitting beam and receiving beam of the interference signal should be avoided to overlap as far as possible. In addition, the relationship between the beam coverage threshold and the interference signal attenuation is given.