批判与超越——设计运动在设计批评中的角色和意义

设计运动和设计批评是人类设计系统演变发展的产物，也是推动设计系统不断调整、演进的驱动力量。本文从生态理论的视角通过对历史上设计运动的分析来阐释设计运动在设计批评中的角色和意义。设计运动不仅指向设计的生产，它还贯穿于设计的批评、鉴赏和消费等环节。作为一种有计划、有组织、有目标的群体性活动，设计运动对设计现状的批判、超越的特性，求新、求变的诉求以及设计运动主体、客体、目标和方式的共生关系构成了设计运动介入设计批评的内在要求，设计运动的这些内在特质构成了其设计批评的重要模式和驱动力。然而，设计系统的动态性和设计运动的生态位使设计运动在不同历史阶段的设计批评中既有丰富多彩的一面，又存在着诸多历史性相似或相通的一面。对于这一规律的探讨对反思中国语境下当代设计批评具有重要的现实意义。

Criticize and Surpass:Onthe Roleand Significance of Design Movementin Design Criticism

As a result of design system revolution of human beings, design movement and design criticism make up a very important power to promote adjustment and revolution of design system The work aims to analyze the design movement in design history to explain the role and significance of design mowement in design criticism from the perspective of ecology theory. Design movement not only relates to design production, but also runs through design criticism, design appreciation and design consumption. As a planned, organized, targeted public activity, the criticism, supass and change demand of design movement for dcsign situation and the symbiotie relationship among subject, object, target and means contribute to intrinsic requcst of design movement involved in design criticism. These intemal qualities of design mowement form important model and driving force in carrying out design criticism. However, dynamicity of design system and niche of design movement in diferent historical periods make design movement present the diversity and similarity. Therefore, the discussion on these laws is of important practical significance for Chinese contemporary design.