涂层中伴有化学反应的传质动力学模型及解析解

有害液体在均匀有界固体介质中的扩散通常是一个伴有化学反应的传质过程，本文采用拉普拉斯交换法对其动力学方程进行了新的求解，得出了吸收过程的解析解。通过定义标准函数err(x)及反函数aer(x)，推导出当降解速率常数k=0时扩散系数D的精确解，理论误差为O．以芥子气在醇酸漆涂层中的传递为例，验证得该方法与实验值的标准差为σ=1.95×10-10 cm2/S，其精度远远高于常规方法。在此基础上，求出了液体在涂层中的吸收量、扩散通量，得到了它们的时空分布规律，分析了降解速率常数k对它们的影响。丈章更为准确、系统地描述了有害液体在涂层中的吸收规律，所给出的扩散系数计算方法更加简洁、精确，对有害物质的洗消、危害评估及相应措施的制定提供了理论依据。

A Dynamic Model for the Mass Transfer with Chemical Reaction of Hazardous Liquid in Coating and Its Analytical Solution

A one-dimension model of mass transfer, coupled with chemical reaction, was solved analyt?ically using Laplace transform to describe absorption of the hazardous liquid in the coating. The exact solution for diffusion coeflicient D, when degradation rate constant k=0，was obtained after defining two standard functions, 1.e.，err(x) and aer(x). Its theoretical error is 0，and experimental stan?dard deviation when applied in the transportation of sulfur mustara (HD)，α=1 ? 95 X 10 -10 cm2/ s, is much less than the result in other literatures. On basis of that, the equations for absorption amount and flux of hazardous liquid in coating were obtained, then, their dispersion characters in time and space were described, and the influences of degradation rate constant k on them were also analyzed. A described rule of the absorption of hazardous liquid in coating is exact and systematic. The calculating method for diffusion coefficient is more simple and exact. The results can provide theoretical basis for decontamination, risk assessment and protective measures of hazardous materials.