针状海绵态铁粉的研制及其在热电池中的应用

实验考察了针状FeOOH铁黄前驱体粒度及形貌的影响因素，确定了其优化制备工艺条件为：FeCl3×6H2O与CO(NH2)2摩尔比1:(1.5~4.5)，水热反应温度90℃，反应时间24 h. 在550℃下CO还原1 h后再用H2还原4 h，可得针状海绵态铁粉，其比表面积(15.8 m2/g)是普通铁粉的6倍以上，因而点火灵敏度高，燃烧充分，发热量大、持续时间长，使热电池的寿命增加近20%，是适用于长寿命热电池的高性能发热材料.

Preparation of Spongy Needle-like Iron Powder and Its Application in Thermal Batteries

The influences of hydrothermal reaction conditions on the morphology of needle-like FeOOH precursor and its particle size were investigated. The appropriate needle-like FeOOH powder was prepared under the hydrothermal conditions of 90℃, 24 h, and molar ratio of FeCl3×6H2O to CO(NH2)2 1:(1.5~4.5). The reducing process has a great effect on the morphology of iron powder. The spongy needle-like iron powder can be prepared at 550℃ under CO reducing atmosphere for 1 h and then H2 for 4 h. Compared with common iron powder, due to its large specific surface area (15.8 m2/g), the ignition sensitivity of spongy needle-like iron powder is higher, its combustion rate faster and quantity of continuance heat greater. The lifetime of thermal batteries can be prolonged for 20% using the iron powder as heating flake, so the spongy needle-like iron powder is an excellent heating material for thermal batteries.