塔河常压渣油中亚组分化学组成与结构分析

以塔河常压渣油为原料、正己烷为溶剂沉淀出沥青质，并将其回调至渣油中配制成不同沥青质含量的油样进行高压加氢热转化实验；利用热重并结合1H-NMR和13C-NMR对反应产物中不饱和亚组分进行表征。结果表明：随着配制油样中沥青质含量的增加，焦炭和气体收率均呈线性增加趋势，次生饱和分收率在沥青质质量分数为30%时，取得极大值55.04%；不饱和亚组分均发生了烷基侧链的断裂脱落及环烷环开环裂解，致使芳香氢和芳环α位氢含量增加，且饱和碳分率呈显著降低趋势，而芳碳分率、共二环芳碳分率和共三环芳碳均表现为大幅度增加的变化趋势。

SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF SARA IN TAHE ATMOSPHERIC RESIDUE

Taking residue oil from TaHe as the object of the research, n-hexane as solvent to obtain asphaltene which was mixed with the residue oil to prepare the feedstock with different asphaltene content for autoclave hydrothermal conversion experiments. The characteristic of the reaction was analyzed by thermogravimetric analyzer and the structural differences of the unsaturated products were investigated by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The results showed that asphaltene was the component that had a low thermal reaction activity. With the asphaltene content increasing, the yield of coke and gas presented linear increase, Sa* got the maximum value of 55.04% with 30% asphaltene content. In addition, various types of hydrogen and carbon content of cleavage products showed that with the asphaltene content increased, the break off of alkyl side chains and opening of naphthenic rings of the unsaturated components, which increased the content of aromatic hydrogen (HA) and hydrogen in the α-position to aromatic ring (Hα), the saturated carbon fraction f(CS) in Ar*, Re* and As* showed a significant decreasing trend, while the aromatic carbon fraction f(CA), co-bicyclic aromatic carbon fraction f(CAA) and tricyclic aromatic carbon fraction f(CAAA) showed a significant increase.