定向反射深度裂解技术在原油焦化中的应用

中国石油克拉玛依石化有限责任公司焦化车间大检修期间，采用中国石油大学开发的“焦化炉管外定向反射与管内深度裂解技术”，在焦化炉总体结构不变的条件下，对在役的1.2 Mt/a原油焦化炉进行优化改造。改造后，加热炉炉管表面温度平均降低约30 ℃、汽柴油收率提高2.85百分点，焦炭产率降低1.15百分点，加热炉热效率提高2.23百分点。说明改变传统炉管走向，增加炉管数量，通过延长重质油在管内的反应停留时间，提高焦化炉生焦反应给热量及给热品质，对减少装置的焦炭产率，提高汽柴油收率有实际应用效果。

APPLICATION OF DIRECTIONAL REFLECTION DEEP CRACKING TECHNOLOGY IN HEAVY OIL COKING FURNACE

The directional reflection deep cracking technology developed by the Chinese University of Petroleum was adopted for heater revamping of the 1.2 Mt/a coking plant during overhaul in PetroChina Karamay Petrochemical Co. Ltd. under the preconditions of the constant overall structure of the furnace. In this technology, the tube with oil was heated by fire directively reflected from the furnace wall and the oil in the tube was cracked deeply. After the transformation, the average surface temperature of the tube reduces by 30 ℃, the yield of gasoline and diesel increases 2 percentage points, the coke yield decreases by 1.15 percentage points, and the heat efficiency increases 2.23 percentage points. This means that the measures of changing the tube direction arrangement, increasing the tube number, extending the heavy oil residence time, improving the quantity and quality of heat are in favor of reducing coke yield and increasing gasoline and diesel yield.