低熔点高硬度特种蜡的研究与开发

采用聚乙烯蜡和月桂酸作为石蜡改性剂，考察了改性工艺条件和改性剂加入量对石蜡性能的影响。结果表明：最佳工艺条件为改性时间3 h、改性温度130 ℃、搅拌速率600 r/min，聚乙烯蜡添加量为5%，月桂酸的添加量为8%；通过对两种添加剂的调合，制备出滴熔点低和硬度适宜的改性石蜡产品；在此基础上，以聚乙烯蜡量为5%、月桂酸量为8%、硬脂酸为0~25%作为复合添加剂，可以得到滴熔点更低且硬度也有所提高的改性蜡；并采用SPSS软件进行线性回归，得出聚乙烯蜡、月桂酸和硬脂酸的添加量与石蜡滴熔点、针入度（25 ℃）的关系。

DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIAL WAX WITH HIGH HARDNESS AND LOW MELTING POINT

The waxes were modified by addition of polyethylene wax and lauric acid with perfect mixing for lowering drop melting point and strengthening hardness of the waxes. The modification conditions and the effect of additives on the properties of the waxes were investigated. The experimental results show that to prepare the ideal special waxes with low drop melting point and high hardness, the best conditions for modification are 130 ℃, 3h and stirring speed of 600 r/min with addition of lauric acid 8% and polyethylene wax 5%. If polyethylene wax, lauric acid and stearic acid are mixed used as additive (5%:8%:0-25%), the waxes with even lower drop melting point and stronger hardness can be obtained. Based on the results, a relationship of the amount of polyethylene wax, lauric acid and stearic acid with drop melting point as well as penetration (25 ℃) is presented by using SPSS software and linear regression method.