浮式波浪补偿装置研究及发展建议

浮式波浪补偿装置主要用于补偿海浪作用引起的船舶升沉运动以及水下洋流引起的升沉运动对负载的影响,消除升沉运动负载的载荷波动、位移和速度变化。为了减轻波浪升沉运动对海洋作业船的影响,确保海洋平台作业安全,在分析国内外不同类型浮式波浪补偿装置研究现状的基础上,总结了系统总体设计和分析技术、阀控(泵控)自动恒张力技术、隔水管张紧器抗反冲控制技术及钻柱补偿装置主被动联合控制技术等4项技术。对宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司的恒张力、恒钻压浮式波浪补偿装置的结构性能和现场应用情况进行了介绍。给出了我国浮式波浪补偿装置的发展建议,即应加快带主动控制功能的浮式波浪补偿装置工程样机的国产化进程;在提高补偿精度、减少设备复杂度等方面加大投入和研发力度,开展船舶升沉预测、电-液深度耦合补偿及纯电驱补偿等前沿技术的研究工作,并以船舶综合电力系统为依托进行补偿装置的设计开发。

Research and Development Suggestions of Floating Heave Compensator

The floating heave compensator is mainly used to compensate the influence of the heave movement of ship caused by ocean wave action and the heave movement caused by subsea ocean current on the load,and eliminate the load fluctuation,displacement and velocity change of heave movement load.In order to reduce the influence of heave movement of wave on offshore work boat and ensure the safety of offshore platform operation,based on the analysis of the research status of different types of floating heave compensators at home and abroad,4 technologies including the overall design and analysis technology of the system,valve control(pump control)automatic constant tension technology,tensioner anti-recoil control technology and active and passive joint control technology of drill string compensator were summed up.Moreover,the structural performance and field application of constant tension and constant weight on bit floating heave compensator developed by CNPC Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co.,Ltd.were introduced.And finally,suggestions for the development of floating heave compensator in China were presented:the localization process of engineering prototype of floating heave compensator with active control function should be speeded up;investment,research and development efforts should be increased to improve the compensation accuracy and reduce the equipment complexity;the research of advanced technologies such as ship heave prediction,electro-hydraulic deep coupling compensation and pure electric drive compensation should be carried out;and the design and development of compensator should be conducted based on the ship integrated power system.