聚氨酯基碳纳米管-液态金属导电纤维的制备及其性能

为改善碳纳米管(CNT)作为导电填料弹性性能不足的问题,以CNT和液态金属(LM)为导电填料,热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)为基体,选用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)作为溶剂,去离子水为凝固浴,通过湿法纺丝制备了CNT/LM/TPU导电纤维,并研究了LM和CNT 2种导电填料对纤维结构和性能的影响。结果表明:当导电填料LM质量分数为40%,CNT质量分数为10%时,CNT/LM/TPU纤维的力学性能大幅度提升,断裂强度为10.16 MPa,断裂伸长率为252%;CNT/LM/TPU纤维具有良好的导电性能,其电导率为5.41 S/m,可以用作导线点亮电路,在100%和200%的拉伸应变下电路仍有电流通过,且经20次循环拉伸后仍具有稳定的电阻回复性;此外,该纤维还具有良好的抗菌性能,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率达到92.61%。

Preparation and properties of polyurethane-based carbon nanotube/liquid metal conductive fibers

In order to improve the elastic properties of carbon nanotubes as conductive fillers, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and liquid metal (LM) were used as conductive fillers, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was used as matrix, N, N-dimethylformamide was used as solvent, and deionized water was used as coagulation bath to produce the CNT/LM/TPU conductive fibers through the wet spinning process. The effects of LM and CNT on the structure and properties of fibers were studied. The results show that when the conductive filler content is 40% for LM and 10% for CNT, the mechanical properties of CNT/LM/TPU fiber were greatly improved with the fracture stress reaching 10.16 MPa and the elongation at break 252%. The CNT/LM/TPU fiber has good electrical conductivity, which is 5.41 S/m. Circuit experiments show that the fiber can be used as a wire lighting circuit, and the circuit can still have current through under the strain levels of 100% and 200%. CNT/LM/TPU fiber has excellent recovery performance, and it still has stable resistance recovery after 20 repeated tensile loading. In addition, the fiber also had good antibacterial properties, and the antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus reaches 92.61%.