高分子复合黏胶体系对CL-20包覆及性能的影响

为了降低CL-20的机械感度，选择聚丙烯酸酯橡胶（HyTemp）和聚氨酯（TPU）作为黏结剂，微晶蜡作为钝感剂，对CL-20晶体表面进行包覆，分别制备了CL-20/HyTemp/微晶蜡、CL-20/TPU/微晶蜡、CL-20/HyTemp复配TPU/微晶蜡3种样品。分别通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、机械感度仪来表征样品的表面包覆情况、晶体结构、热稳定性以及机械感度。结果显示:HyTemp、TPU和微晶蜡都能有效包覆CL-20；且3种样品中CL-20的晶型仍为ε型，未发生改变。与包覆前相比，3种样品中氮元素含量均有大幅度的降低，包覆程度较高。其中，高分子复合黏结剂（HyTemp复配TPU）包覆样品的表面更为紧凑密实。与原料CL-20相比，复合黏结剂包覆样品的表观活化能提高了164.45 kJ/mol，熵变和焓变也有较大提升，反应活性降低，热稳定性明显改善；临界载荷由原料CL-20的60 N提高到了288 N，撞击感度也比原料CL-20降低了3.6 J，降感效果显著。采用HyTemp复配TPU作为黏结剂包覆的样品综合性能最好。

Effect of Polymer Composite Viscose System on the Coating and Properties of CL-20

In order to reduce the mechanical sensitivity of CL-20, polyacrylate rubber (HyTemp) and polyurethane (TPU) were selected as binders, and microcrystal wax was used as a deterrent to coat the surface of CL-20 crystal. CL-20/HyTemp/microcrystal wax, CL-20/TPU/microcrystal wax, and CL-20/HyTemp compound TPU/microcrystal wax were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical sensitivity analyzer were used to characterize the surface coating, crystal structure, thermal stability and mechnical sensitivity of the samples. The results show that HyTemp, TPU and microcrystal wax could effectively encapsulate CL-20, and the crystal form of CL-20 in the three samples was still ε-type without change. Compared with the samples before coating, the content of nitrogen elements in the three samples reduced significantly, and the coating degree is relatively high. The surface of the sample coated with polymer composite binder (HyTemp compound TPU) is more compact and dense. Compared with CL-20, apparent activation energy of the sample coated with polymer composite binder increases by 164.45 kJ/mol, entropy change and enthalpy change also improve greatly, reaction activity reduces, and thermal stability improve significantly. Compared with the raw material CL-20, critical load of the sample coated with polymer composite binder increases from 60 N to 288 N, and its impact sensitivity also reduces by 3.6 J, indicating significant desensitization. The comprehensive performance of the sample coated with HyTemp compound TPU is the best.