Rapid method for testing efficacy of nano-engineered coatings for mitigating tin whisker growth |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Integrated Surface Technologies, Inc., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA;2. School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-6106, USA;1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Research and Development Division, SK Hynix Semiconductor Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea;1. School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;2. Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK;3. Science and Technology on Reliability and Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Beijing 100191, China;1. Swerea IVF AB, Argongatan 30, SE-43153 Mölndal, Sweden;2. Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience (MC2), Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 9, Se 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden;3. Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG, Heinrich-Hertz-Straße 10, 59423 Unna, Germany;1. Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India;2. SSN Research Center, Tamil Nadu 603110, India |
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| Abstract: | The risk of failure of electronic components due to tin (Sn) whiskers growth has become an issue with the current regulations limiting the use of lead in Sn solders. New strategies using engineered coatings for mitigating Sn whiskers are being developed. Typically, these coatings are evaluated by an aging process where whiskers are allowed to grow naturally. Unfortunately, this process can produce unreliable growth results and can take several years. Thus, faster, more reliable methods are needed. In this study, a simple, rapid (3–10 days), and cost-effective method was developed for testing the efficacy of nano-engineered coatings for mitigating the growth of Sn whiskers. This method consisted of a micro-indentation process using a ball-bearing adhered to a few hundred gram weight, which are placed in a stabilizing printed holder. For uncoated samples, Sn whiskers and hillocks were abundant near the indentation area, while only hillocks were found further outside the area (i.e., >0.2 mm). For samples coated with nano-engineered ceramic or polymeric coatings, the indentation method was observed to damage coatings only at the point of contact (e.g., no delamination), while still allowing Sn whiskers and hillocks to grow outside the indentation area. |
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| Keywords: | Tin whisker Indentation Conformal coating Vapor deposition Nano Rapid |
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