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The role of aluminum in slow sand filtration
Authors:Weber-Shirk Monroe L  Chan Kwok Loon
Affiliation:Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, 220 Hollister Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-3501, USA. mw24@cornell.edu
Abstract:Engineering enhancement of slow sand filtration has been an enigma in large part because the mechanisms responsible for particle removal have not been well characterized. The presumed role of biological processes in the filter ripening process nearly precluded the possibility of enhancing filter performance since interventions to enhance biological activity would have required decreasing the quality of the influent water. In previous work, we documented that an acid soluble polymer controls filter performance. The new understanding that particle removal is controlled in large part by physical chemical mechanisms has expanded the possibilities of engineering slow sand filter performance. Herein, we explore the role of naturally occurring aluminum as a ripening agent for slow sand filters and the possibility of using a low dose of alum to improve filter performance or to ripen slow sand filters.
Keywords:Slow sand filter   Ripening   Aluminum   Filtration model
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