Grain growth and segregation in Fe-doped SrTiO3: Experimental evidence for solute drag |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research: Materials Synthesis and Processing (IEK-1), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany;2. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Electron Microscopy (LEM), Engesserstr. 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;3. Federal Office for Information Security (BSI), Godesberger Allee 185-189, 53175 Bonn, Germany;4. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Applied Materials - Ceramic Materials and Technologies, Haid-und-Neu Str. 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;5. Roche Diagnostics Automation Solutions GmbH, Albert-Ruprecht-Straße 2, 71636 Ludwigsburg, Germany;1. Technical University Darmstadt, Institute of Applied Geoscience, Schnittspahnstraße 9, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany;2. Technical University Darmstadt, Institute of Materials Science, Otto-Berndt-Straße 3, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany;3. DECHEMA Research Institute, Materials and Corrosion, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, D-60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;4. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Applied Materials – Materials Science and Engineering (IAM-WK), Engelbert-Arnold-Straße 4, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;5. Fraunhofer Research Institution for Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies (IWKS), Brentanostraße 2a, D-63755 Alzenau, Germany;1. School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;2. School of Material Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China;1. Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China;3. Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute, No. 115 Fenglin Road, Jinfeng Town, Jiulongpo District, Chongqing 401329, China;4. Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University, No. 1 Qingdao Street, Yantai Economic & Technological Development Area, Shandong, PR China;5. Institute of Aero Engine Research, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China;1. Depto. de Física de la Materia Condensada, ICMS, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1065, Sevilla 41080, Spain;2. Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, ICMS, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain;1. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi''an 710049, China;2. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi''an 710049, China;3. Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi''an 710049, China;4. National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China;5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;6. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi''an University of Science and Technology, Xi''an 710054, China |
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| Abstract: | In functional ceramics, the impact of dopants on bulk crystals is generally well understood. Their impact on grain boundaries is less well known. The present study investigates the impact of acceptor dopants on grain growth in strontium titanate. Scanning electron microscopy and analytical (scanning) transmission electron microscopy have been used to gain knowledge on Fe segregation behavior, grain sizes, and grain size distributions of SrTiO3. While undoped microstructures show normal grain growth at low temperatures (<1350 °C), doped microstructures evolve bimodally. With increasing acceptor dopant concentration, an increasing population of small grains develops. It is shown that Fe segregates to the grain boundaries due to its negative charge and a positive boundary potential. Thus, the experimental findings seem to be well explained by the theory of solute drag: The diffusion of segregated defects (‘solutes’) at grain boundaries can retard grain boundary migration. |
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| Keywords: | Solute drag Grain growth Strontium titanate Segregation Microstructure |
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