碳四炔烃选择性加氢催化剂研究进展

对碳四(C₄)馏分中的炔烃进行选择性催化加氢是实现混合C₄资源高附加值利用的有效途径，具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。通过介绍C₄炔烃的利用现状，并从选择性加氢机理入手，对国内外现有C₄炔烃催化剂的研究与应用进行了概述；对非贵金属镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)催化剂与贵金属钯(Pd)催化剂的优缺点进行了对比，指出了Pd系列催化剂是目前最适合作为C₄炔烃选择加氢的催化剂。针对Pd系催化剂目前存在的不足，提出了一些改进策略与今后的研究方向。分析研究表明，Pd系纳米催化剂的载体预处理、助剂改性、微观调控以及单原子催化剂的可控制备是国内C₄资源充分利用的重要途径。

Research Progress of Selective Hydrogenation Catalyst for C4 Alkynes

The selective catalytic hydrogenation of alkynes in C₄ fraction is an effective way to achieve the high value-added utilization of mixed C₄ resources, which is of significant economic and social benefits. By introducing the utilization status of C₄ alkynes, on the basis of the selective hydrogenation mechanism, this paper summarizes the research and application of existing C₄ alkyne catalysts at home and abroad. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the catalysts of the base metals Ni and Cu and the precious metal Pd, it is pointed out that Pd catalysts are most suitable for the selective hydrogenation of C₄ alkynes. In view of the existing shortcomings of Pd catalysts, some improvement strategies and future research directions are put forward. The analytical research shows that the carrier pretreatment, additive modification, micro-regulation and the controllable preparation of monatomic catalyst are the important ways to make full use of C₄ resources in China.