塔里木盆地深层碳酸盐岩缝洞储集层地震响应特征

以塔里木盆地古生界碳酸盐岩缝洞储集层为例，借助弹性波波动方程正演模拟技术，从礁滩体储集层、风化壳岩溶储集层及断裂相关岩溶储集层发育影响因素入手，探讨了各类碳酸盐岩储集层的地震响应特征。分析结果表明：礁滩体储集层地震响应主要为古地貌高部位的丘状、片状地震反射、弱反射、杂乱反射及串珠状强反射等；风化壳岩溶储集层地震响应主要为顶界片状反射、顺层片状反射、弱—强串珠状反射及弱反射等；断裂相关岩溶储集层地震响应主要为纵向长串珠、纵向多串珠状反射，片状、串珠状及杂乱反射复合，断裂交会处串珠状反射等。从储集层控制因素出发进行碳酸盐岩储集层地震响应特征分析是一种可行的方法，对深层碳酸盐岩储集层地震识别、储集层预测方法选择、勘探潜力分析及目标选择具有一定的参考价值。

Seismic Response Characteristics of Fractured-Vuggy Reservoirs in Deep Carbonate Horizons of Tarim Basin

Taking the Palaeozoic carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir in Tarim basin as an example and with the forward modeling of elastic-wave wave equation, seismic response characteristics of every type of carbonate reservoirs based on the influence factors on development of the reservoirs relevant with reef-shoal, weathering crust and fault are discussed. It is concluded that the seismic reflection of the reef-shoal reservoir is characterized by mound-shaped and sheet-like reflections on palaeo-geomorphologic structural highs, weak reflection, chaotic reflection and strong bead-like reflections, etc.; while the weathering crust karst reservoir is characterized by sheet-like seismic reflection in the top boundary, sheet-like seismic reflection along horizons, weak-strong bead-like reflection and weak reflection; and the fault-related karst reservoir is dominated by longitudinal long bead-like and multiple bead-like reflections, complexes of sheet-like, bead-like and chaotic reflections, and bead-like reflection at the intersections of faults, etc. Analysis on seismic response characteristics of carbonate reservoirs from the view of reservoir controlling factors is a feasible method, which could provide references for reservoir prediction method selection, exploration potential analysis and target optimization