电纺制备聚丙烯腈/聚偏氟乙烯复合纤维膜及其空气过滤性能

以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为芯层，聚丙烯腈(PAN)为皮层，通过同轴法静电纺丝技术制备PAN/PVDF纳米复合纤维膜。通过向纤维膜的皮层中加入纳米硅粉、气相白炭黑、硅溶胶三种不同的纳米粒子和改变皮芯层溶液挤出速度对PAN/PVDF纳米纤维膜进行结构优化。同时，采用BET、SEM、水接触角、纤维强度仪等对纤维膜的孔结构参数、表面形貌、亲水性、力学性能等进行研究。结果表明:在皮层中加入硅溶胶后的溶液导电能力达到32.90 μL/cm，PAN/PVDF纤维膜力学性能最好，纵向断裂强度达到13.02 MPa。含有硅溶胶的口罩布的品质因子达到0.0236，远大于纯聚丙烯(PP)无纺布的品质因子(0.0127)，过滤性显著提高。 

Preparation of polyacrylonitrile/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber membrane by electrospinning and its air filtration performance

The polyacrylonitrile/polyvinylidene fluoride(PAN/PVDF)nanocomposite fiber membranes were prepared by the coaxial electrospinning technology using PVDF as the core layer and PAN as the skin layer.Structure optimization of PAN/PVDF nanocomposite fiber membrane was carried out by adding three different nanoparticles of nano-silica powder,fumed silica and silica sol to the PAN/PVDF nanocomposite fiber membrane and changing the extrusion speed of the skin-core layer solution.Meanwhile,its pore structure parameters,surface morphology,hydrophilicity and mechanical properties were studied by BET,SEM,water contact angle,fiber strength meter and so on.The results show that the conductivity of the solution after adding silica sol to the solution reaches32.90μL/cm,the PAN/PVDF nanocomposite fiber membrane has the best mechanical properties,and the longitudinal breaking strength reaches 13.02 MPa.The quality factor of mask cloth containing silica sol reaches 0.0236,which is much larger than the quality factor of pure polypropylene(PP)non-woven,which is 0.0127,and the filterability is significantly increased.