上海市淡水水产品中多溴联苯醚和多氯联苯的监测研究

目的了解上海淡水水产品中多氯联苯(polychlorinated biphenyls,PCBs)和多溴联苯醚(poly brominated diphenyl ethers,PBDEs)的污染状况,并进行相关的人体健康风险评估。方法水产品经冷冻干燥后,经加速溶剂萃取(accelerated solvent extraction,ASE)提取、分散固相萃取(dispersive solid phase extraction,D-SPE)除脂、串联固相萃取(solid phase extraction,SPE)深度净化后,用气相色谱-串联质谱(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,GC-MS/MS)检测。结果 14类97件样品中,PCBs的平均检出率为97%,PBDEs的平均检出率为61%~71%。∑_(51)(PCBs)的平均浓度值为2588 pg/g ww,范围为328~12724 pg/g ww,中位值为2135 pg/g ww,∑_(39)(PBDEs)的平均值浓度为454 pg/g ww,范围为56~2210 pg/g ww,中位值为294 pg/g ww。结论目前上海居民食用淡水水产品不会因PBDEs和PCBs残留而对人体健康构成危险,但对于大量食用鱼和虾的婴幼儿(一般指2~3岁)应适当减少食用量。

Research on poly brominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in Shanghai freshwater products

To investigate the exposure of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in freshwater products, and evaluate the human health risk. Method After freeze-drying, accelerated solvent extraction, dispersive solid phrase extraction (SPE), deep sample clean-up with tandem SPE, and measured with gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Result Among all 97 samples, the average detection rate of PCBs and PBDEs is 97% and 61%-71%, respectively. The mean concentration of PCBs is 2588 pg/g (w/w), with the range from 328 to 12724 pg/g (w/w) and median level of 2135 pg/g (w/w). The mean concentration of PBDEs is 454 pg/g (w/w), with the range from 56 to 2210 pg/g (w/w) and median level of 294 pg/g (w/w). Conclusion The statistic results of Health Quotient (HQ, P95<1, except for infant baby) and margin of exposure (MOE, P95 > 2.5) indicated that PBDEs and PCBs exposure has not endangered the health of residents in Shanghai, however, infants (2-3 years old) should take less fish and shrimp if has a regular diet of freshwater products.