单一采区工作面不同开采顺序地表沉陷模拟与复垦对策分析

煤炭地下开采导致地面沉陷问题的出现,我国煤炭地下开采多以长臂开采,垮落式管理顶板的方式进行,地面土地损伤严重。地下工作面在不同开采顺序下虽然最终的沉陷形态一致,但是地面沉陷的过程及规律有所不同。对于井工煤矿边采边复而言,由于要在沉陷过程中采取复垦措施,因而对其动态沉陷过程进行模拟与分析很有必要。本文采用室内模拟方法,对单一采区的7个规则工作面在5种不同开采顺序下的地面沉陷过程与规律进行了分析,就5种开采顺序下的地面沉陷特征及复垦利弊进行了讨论。在此基础上,拓展分析总结得出了3类地质条件下的地下开采-地面复垦的耦合方案。

Mining subsidence simulation and reclamation strategy for different mining sequence for panels in underground coal mines

Ground subsidence was triggered by underground coal mining. In China, underground coal mining mainly employs longwall mining, and caving manages the roof. Thus, making land damage on the ground more serious. Even though the final subsidence trough were similar on the ground, when difference mining sequence implemented underground, the subsidence process and its disciplines were not the same. Concurrent mining and reclamation (CMR) technology, was to adapt reclamation measures on the ground, while subsidence occurring, or not occurred. Therefore, there has great significance to simulated and analyze the dynamic subsidence on the ground and its impact to land, while difference mining sequence were arranged. The study employs indoor simulation method, the 6 panels in a mining zone was simulated. 5 mining sequence was included, the subsidence process and laws were analyzed. Furthermore, reclamation strategies were discussed, respectively. Based on the simulation and analysis, 3 categories of underground mining and ground reclamation coupling model were summarized, considering the different geological and mining condition.