中国泥沙研究的几个问题

几千年来泥沙一直是中国河流治理和灾害防治中的难题。众所周知，黄河频繁的迁徙和洪水灾害就是泥沙淤积的结果。中国学者在黄河治理和土壤侵蚀、水库淤积、河口海岸泥沙漂移、泥石流灾害防治等方面进行了大量研究工作，促进了学科发展，取得了举世瞩目的成就。本文概述这些泥沙问题、治理方略和研究成果。在21世纪，泥沙研究将面临新的挑战。泥沙理论研究方面，非恒定流输沙、环境泥沙学、生态泥沙学和经济泥沙学将成为新的生长点。为了检阅现有泥沙理论和研究方法，国家大量投资对三峡工程建设中和建设后的泥沙运动和沉积规律进行大规模的测量。中国的泥沙研究将有一个新的飞跃。

Sedimentation Studies in China-Review and Prospect

Sediment management is always most challenging in the hydraulic engineering on sediment_laden rivers. Chinese people have accumulated abundant experiences in solving the problems like watershed erosion, heavily sediment_laden rivers, reservoir sedimentation, estuarine and coastal sedimentation, and debris flows and control strategies. This paper summarizes the sediment issues, research approaches and management strategies. The paper outlines a vision for the future sediment research in the new century, especially reporting on an ambitious plan of validation of sediment studies performed for the Three Gorges Project. The need for multidisciplinary approaches to conducting research is also discussed.