导电胶的研究进展

目的 综述电子封装中用于代替锡铅焊料的导电胶的研究进展，对导电胶未来研究方向进行展望，为导电胶的应用提供参考。方法 从导电胶的组成、导电机理、类型入手，重点介绍导电胶应用时的关键性能要求与测试方法，并总结近几年在提高导电性、稳定性及降低固化温度、成本等方面的研究进展。结果 对导电胶中基体树脂进行改性并选择合适的导电填料(形状、组成)，可改善导电胶的固化条件，并提高导电胶的导电性能、黏结性能、耐久性，满足苛刻应用环境下对器件连接高可靠性的要求。结论 相比传统铅锡焊料焊接的方式，导电胶具有绿色环保、连接温度低、分辨率高等特点。因此导电胶适用于电子封装与智能包装领域。目前导电胶的研究方向主要为提高导电性、黏结强度以及黏结稳定性。但是在面对固化时间长、耐湿热性弱、成本较高等缺点时，仍需不断优化组成，以满足实际应用要求。

Research Progress in Conductive Adhesives

The work aims to review the research progress of conductive adhesives in electronic packaging and prospect the future research direction of conductive adhesives and provide reference for the application of conductive adhesives. From the composition, conductive mechanism and types of conductive adhesives, the key performance requirements and test methods of conductive adhesives in application were emphatically introduced, and the research progress in improving conductivity and stability and reducing curing temperature and cost in recent years was summarized. The modification of the matrix resin in the conductive adhesives and selection of appropriate conductive fillers (shape and composition) could improve the curing conditions of the conductive adhesives, improve their conductivity, adhesion and durability, and meet the requirements for high reliability of device connection in harsh application environment. Compared with the traditional lead-tin solder welding method, conductive adhesives have the characteristics of environmental protection, low connection temperature and high resolution. Therefore, conductive adhesives are suitable for electronic packaging and intelligent packaging. At present, the research direction of conductive adhesives is mainly to improve conductivity, bonding strength and bonding stability. However, in the face of the shortcomings of long curing time, weak resistance to damp heat and high cost, it is still necessary to continuously optimize the composition to meet the practical application requirements.