华南地区典型土壤渗透性的改良配置研究

为改善我国华南地区土壤黏性大、渗透性差的问题,研究华南地区土壤与落地灰、砾石、沸石、海砂、草根和枯树叶等多种材料的改良配置,测试不同重量配比下试验土壤的渗透性,获取不同有机、无机材料对典型土壤自然入渗能力的改善效果(包括各种材料的单独作用和择优性混合作用效果)。结果表明:单材料试验中,低重量配比的草根和枯树叶试验土壤的峰值入渗速率分别为0.178 mL/s和0.163 mL/s,且有机材料的改良效果优于无机材料。高重量配比的5～9 mm砾石和5～9 mm落地灰试验土壤分别在重量配比为40%和60%情况下,峰值入渗速率达0.338 mL/s和0.717 mL/s,在同重量配比的所有材料里具有最佳入渗效果。多材料混合试验中,枯树叶、5～9 mm砾石和5～9 mm落地灰相结合的试验土壤实现最佳入渗效果。研究成果为改善华南地区土壤渗透性能提供科学依据。

Study on mixture for improving typical soil permeability in South China

In order to improve the problem of high cohesiveness and poor permeability of the soil in South China，the improved mixture with several materials，i． e． landed waste mortar，gravel，zeolite，grass roots，marine sand，grass roots，dead leaves， etc．，for the soil in South China is studied herein; in which the permeabilities of the experimental soils under the mixing ratios with different weights are tested，and then the improving effects from different organic and inorganic materials on the natural infiltration capacities of the typical soils ( including the effects from the individual effect and selective mixing effect of all the materials) are obtained． The result shows that in the experiment of single material，the peak infiltration rates of the experimental soils mixed with low weight mixing ratios of grass roots and dead leaves are 0. 178 mL/s and 0. 163 mL/s respectively，while the improving effect from organic material is better than that from the inorganic one． The peak infiltration rates of the experimental soils mixed with high weight mixing ratios of 5～ 9 mm gravel and 5～ 9 mm landed waste mortar are 0. 338 mL/s and 0. 717 mL/s under the conditions of the weight mixing ratios of 40% and 60% respectively，which have the best infiltration effects among all the materials mixed with the same weight mixing ratios． In the multi-material mixing experiment，the best infiltration effect is achieved from the experimental soil mixed with the materials composed by dead leaves，5 ～ 9 mm gravel and 5 ～ 9 mm landed waste mortar． It is expected that the study result can provide a scientific basis for improving the permeable performance of the soil in South China．