Silicon modified ultrafiltration-based proton-conductive membranes with improved performance for H2/Cl2 fuel cell application

Ultrafiltration (UF)-based proton-conductive membranes, which comprised nanosize SiO₂, polyethersulfone and aqueous acid absorbed, as an alternative to traditional ion exchange membranes, were first proposed and successfully prepared for H₂/Cl₂ fuel cell. Various membranes were prepared with different weight fractions of SiO₂ nanoparticles. The effect of silicon content on the performance of membranes was characterized. The ionic conductivity of a membrane doped with 3 M hydrochloric acid increased with the silicon content and reached 0.150 S cm⁻¹ at 15 wt.% SiO₂. A non-optimized H₂/Cl₂ fuel cell assembled with the modified UF membrane (115 μm thick) exhibited better performance than that with Nafion 115 membrane. It demonstrated that 12.67% and 55.03% improved at 10 wt.% and 15 wt.% SiO₂, respectively. The study provides an effective way to fabricate high performance porous membranes for H₂/Cl₂ fuel cell application.