桁架结构形状优化的粒子群优化算法

为解决有应力约束、几何约束以及局部稳定性约束的桁架结构的形状优化设计,将粒子群优化(PSO)算法应用于桁架结构的形状优化设计.首先详细介绍了原始PSO算法的基本原理,然后引入压缩因子改进了原始的PSO算法,并提出了合理的参数设置值.优化计算过程中,综合考虑了节点坐标和截面面积等两类不同性质的设计变量.最后对几个经典问题进行了求解,并与传统的优化算法进行了比较.数值结果表明,改进的PSO算法具有良好的收敛性和稳定性,可以有效地进行桁架结构的形状优化设计.

Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm for shape optimization of truss structures

In order to solve the problem of shape optimization of truss structures with stress, geometry, and local stability constraints, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm was adopted in this paper. The basic principle of original PSO algorithm was presented in detail, and then constriction coefficient was introduced to modify. Moreover, the reasonable values of the coefficients were proposed for modified PSO algorithm. Node coordinates and section area which were two different types of variables were considered synthetically in this paper. Several classical problems were solved using modified PSO algorithm, and the results were compared with those using traditional optimization. The numerical examples show that modified PSO algorithm has good convergence and stability, can be applied to shape optimization for truss structures effectively.