沸石颗粒填料固定床生物膜免曝气污水处理工艺

为降低污水处理能耗，利用沸石颗粒充当生物填料构建固定床生物膜反应器，通过序批式进水—排水的方式使反应器内填料表面生物膜处于交替厌氧—好氧环境，避免了传统污水处理曝气工艺所需的大量能耗，并能有效去除COD和脱氮。该工艺主要原理：在厌氧阶段（进水），污水与生物膜和沸石颗粒接触，聚糖菌（GAOs）将有机碳源转化为胞内聚羟基烷酸（PHAs），沸石吸附污水中的NH₄⁺-N。在好氧阶段（排水），通过聚糖菌、硝化菌和反硝化菌的共同作用，将沸石吸附的NH₄⁺-N转化为氮气，使得生物膜和沸石颗粒得以再生。沸石颗粒固定床生物膜反应器以活性污泥为接种污泥，在序批式厌氧—好氧交替运行模式下，2周内成功启动；长期运行中污水COD、NH₄⁺-N和TN去除率分别为87%、83%和83%，且出水中未检出硝态氮；长期运行后，反应器内生物膜菌群以Thauera、Candidatus competitivebacter、Nitrospira细菌属为主，它们是去除COD和脱氮的关键微生物。

Non-aeration wastewater treatment process using zeolite particle based fixed-bed biofilm bioreactor

In order to reduce the energy consumption of sewage treatment, this study uses zeolite particles as biological fillers to build a fixed-bed biofilm reactor, and the biofilm on the filler surface in the reactor is placed in an alternating anaerobic-aerobic environment through the sequential batch water-drainage method. It avoids the large amount of energy consumption required by the traditional sewage treatment aeration process, and effectively removes COD and denitrification at the same time. The main principle of the process is that in the anaerobic stage (influent), the sewage is in contact with the biofilm and zeolite particles, and the glycan bacteria (GAOs) convert the organic carbon source into intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), and the zeolite absorbs NH₄⁺-N in the sewage. In the aerobic stage (drainage), the combined action of glycan bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria converts the NH₄⁺-N adsorbed by the zeolite into nitrogen, so that the biofilm and zeolite particles can be regenerated. The zeolite particle fixed-bed biofilm reactor uses activated sludge as the inoculation sludge. Under the sequential batch anaerobic-aerobic alternate operation mode, it successfully started within 2 weeks; in the long-term operation, removal of COD, NH₄⁺-N and TN rate in sewage was 87%, 83% and 83%, respectively, and no nitrate nitrogen was detected in the effluent; after long-term operation, the biofilm flora in the reactor was dominated by Thaurea, Candidatus competitivebacter , and Nitrospira. They are the key microorganisms for COD removal and denitrification.