加油站油气回收实施方案

由于在装油、卸油过程中存在损耗,全国加油站每年约有1.45×10^8m^3油气排放到大气中,带来了严重的安全隐患、环境污染和能源浪费。加油站排放油气污染主要发生在油罐车向地下储油罐卸油、加油机向汽车油箱加油和地下储油罐＂小呼吸＂等环节。基于此分析,介绍了加油站一阶段油罐车卸油、二阶段加油机加油和三阶段加油站（油库）油气回收装置的油气回收实施方案。同时,介绍了该方案应用的主流工艺技术和设备,着重比较了应用于第三阶段的吸附法、冷凝法、吸收法、膜法等回收工艺的优缺点。建议不同地区应根据不同的排放标准选择适宜的油气回收工艺;只有将油库、油罐车和加油站的相关油气回收工艺设施和设备有机地统一起来,才能真正实现系统的油气回收。

Fuel Vapor Recovery Technology Used in Gas Stations

The loading and unloading of fuels at a gas station will result in a loss of the fuels.In China, around 1.45×10^8m^3 of fuel vapor is discharged into the air at the pump each year,causing serious security risks,environmental pollution and energy waste.Fuel vapor pollution by gas stations largely takes place when an oil tanker unloads oil into an underground oil tank,workers use a pump to add fuel to cars or fuels vapor from an underground oil tank.This article presents a gas station fuel vapor recovery scheme ,which recovers fuel vapor at three stages-when a tanker is unloading stalling fuel,when a car is refueling at the pump and infuel vapor recovery devices at the gas station or oil depot.The article describes the main technologies and equipment used in the scheme and particularly compares the advantages and disadvantages of technologies used in the third stage,including the adsorption method,the condensation method and the membrane method.The article suggests selecting the proper fuel vapor recovery technology according to specific emission requirements and concludes that only by unifying the fuel vapor recovery technology and equipment used in the oil depot ,oil tankers and the gas station ,can systematic fuel vapor recovery be established.