低环境温度空气源热泵的设计及其在我国寒冷地区的应用

基于低环境温度空气源热泵在寒冷地区应用的特点,针对产品设计及工程应用中遇到的若干问题,分别对融霜方式、系统控制方式、水/制冷剂换热器的选择、辅助电加热和末端方式的选择等进行分析和讨论,通过计算得到低环境温度空气源热泵作为北方寒冷地区单户采暖热源的一次能耗为35.9 kW·h/（m2·a）,与分户燃气炉相当,低于除大、中规模热电联产外其他热源形式的一次能耗,且运行费用低于目前的按面积收费标准,指出低环境温度空气源热泵具有推广使用价值。

Design of low ambient temperature air source heat pump and its applications in cold regions of China

Based on the characteristics of low ambient temperature air source heat pump applied into the cold regions of China,according to some problems in the product design and engineering application,defrost method,system control,selection of water/refrigeration heat exchanger,selection of auxiliary electrical heater and heating terminal,etc.,are analyzed and discussed.When the heat pump is used as the individual heating system in the cold regions of China,its primary energy consumption is 35.9 kW·h/（m2·a）,which is lower than any other heating methods except for large-and-medium-scale combined heating and power generation,and its operating cost is less than the current charging standard of centralized heating based on building floor area.So it＇s worthy to promote the application of low ambient temperature air source heat pump for heating in cold regions of China.