基于可观性分析的高精度空间目标跟踪方法

针对传统空间目标跟踪精度不高的问题，提出一种基于可观性分析的高精度空间目标跟踪方法。首先，基于Fisher信息矩阵法定义了一种新型可观性指标，并以空间目标跟踪为背景，针对采用天基雷达，天基红外或地基雷达所得到的不同量测模型系统分别给出了可观性指标值，并选出一种可观性指标值最大的空间目标量测模型。接着，基于无迹卡尔曼滤波和选择的量测模型，实现高精度的空间目标跟踪。相对于仅天基红外，天基红外与天基雷达相结合两种方案，仅天基雷达的空间目标跟踪测量方案具有较大的可观测性指标，进而具有较高目标跟踪精度。最后，数值仿真验证了该方法的有效性。

Novel Observability-Based High Precision Space Target Tracking Methodology

In terms of the low accuracy of the traditional space target tracking method, a novel observability-based high-precision space target tracking methodology is proposed. Firstly, with the help of the Fisher information matrix method, a novel observability index is defined. Then, using space-based radar and space-based infrared, three different measurement models are established and the corresponding observability indexes are achieved. Based on unscented Kalman filter (UKF) and the measurement models, the high precision space target tracking is implemented. Compared with space-based infrared only, combined space-based radar and space-based infrared, only space-based radar has the largest observability index, and thus it can achieve the highest target tracking precision. Finally, numerical simulation verifies the effectiveness of the observability-based methodology.