不同生态护坡下水土保持效果动态变化研究

为研究不同生态护坡措施实施后其护坡效果随时间的变化情况,选取北京市昌平区朱辛庄水土保持示范基地内的4组不同护坡类型径流小区为研究对象,通过连续5 a的植被调查和人工模拟降雨实验研究,对各个护坡径流小区的植被状况以及产流和产沙数据进行了分析。结果显示:4种生态护坡实施后,随着时间推移,护坡植物种类会朝着当地土生植物种类发生演替,从而导致护坡的水土保持效果发生变化,每种生态护坡的效果各不相同;单一植物护坡容易受到植物演替规律的影响,而采用工程与植物措施相结合的护坡形式,水土保持效果则更为持久有效。研究成果可为今后生态护坡技术的推广应用提供借鉴。

Dynamic study on effects of slope soil and water conservation with different ecological protections

To study the slope protection effect variation after different ecological slope protection measures adopted as time goes by, four groups of runoff plots were selected from the soil and water conservation demonstration base as study subjects in Zhuxin Village, Changping District, Beijing. With vegetation investigation for 5 consecutive years and artificial rainfall simulation studies, the vegetation status, runoff and sediment yielding data were analyzed for every runoff plots. The results show that after the slopes were protected ecologically, the species of slope plants would be in succession to the local plant species as time passes by, which could lead to change in the soil and water conservation effects. The effectiveness of various slope conservation method is different, especially the slope protection of single-specie vegetation tends to be affected more by the plant succession, and the comprehensive slope conservation with engineering and vegetation measures is proved more durable and effective.