杨树叶片的微观结构及拉伸特性

观察了杨树(Ponulus hopeiensis)叶片的微观结构,测定了叶片叶脉和叶肉的拉伸性能,分析了叶片拉伸特性与微观结构之间的关系。结果表明:杨树叶片的叶脉是由表皮组织、薄壁组织、维管束及其周围的机械组织构成的多孔、蜂窝状的复合结构;叶肉主要是由栅栏组织和海绵组织组成的分层结构。杨树叶片主脉和附带叶肉的主脉具有不同的拉伸性能,附带的叶肉越宽,最大拉力越大;叶片具有一定的强度,其承载能力主要取决于叶脉中表皮组织、维管束及机械组织的发达程度。本研究可为工程仿生的抗疲劳设计提供有益参考。

Microstructure and tensile property of poplar Ponulus hopeiensis leaves

The tensile property between the leaf vein and the mesophyll was measured.The relationship between the tensile property of the poplar Ponulus hopeiensis leaf and the microcosmic through observing the microcosmic of the poplar Ponulus hopeiensis leaf was analyzed.The results show that leaf vein is the porous cellular composite structure which consists of the epidermal tissue,the parenchyma,the vascular bundle and other mechanical tissue.The mesophyll is the layered structure composed of the palisade tissue and the spongy tissue.The main vein and the main vein carrying the mesophyll of the poplar leaf have different tensile property.The more mesophyll is carried,the larger tensile force is.The poplar Ponulus hopeiensis leaf has strength at an intense level.Its carrying capacity depends on the development level of the epidermal tissue,the vascular bundle and the mechanical tissue of the leaf vein.The research supplies the reference for the anti-fatigue design in the bionic engineering.