激光焊磁光彩色成像焊缝检测方法

针对激光焊接平板对接微间隙焊缝(间隙小于0.1 mm),研究彩色图像信息的磁光成像焊缝检测算法,为微间隙焊缝的精确跟踪提供一种新方法. 采用磁光传感器采集焊接过程的焊缝区域图像,对焊缝磁光图像在RGB(red, green, blue)和HSV(hue, saturation, value)彩色空间的灰度分布进行分析,提取RGB图各分量的灰度图,根据各分量灰度分布曲线确定阈值提取焊缝边缘,合成3个分量的焊缝边缘得到焊缝过渡带轮廓;对HSV图的每个分量图灰度直方图进行分析确定阈值,然后综合形成单一的焊缝过渡带分割图像. 结果表明,该方法能有效检测肉眼难以分辨的微间隙焊缝.

Weld detection of laser welding using magneto-optical color imaging

This paper proposes a novel method to realize accurate seam tracking of butt micro-gap (less than 0.1mm) joint during laser welding based on the magneto-optical color images. Images of weld seam zone are captured by a magneto-optical sensor, and grayscale distribution of the weld seam magneto-optical images in the RGB(Red, Green, Blue)and HSV(Hue, Saturation, Value) color space are analyzed. The grayscale map of component of the RGB figure is extracted, and weld seam edge is determined based on the threshold derived from the grayscale distribution curve of each component. Also, the outline of weld seam transitional zone is obtained by integrating weld seam edges of the three components. The histogram of each HSV component is analyzed to determine the threshold and then the synthetic seam transition zone segmentation is obtained. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively detect micro-gap weld seam which is generally hard to distinguish by human eyes.