熔融还原法冶炼高速钢

对用白钨矿、氧化钼和钒渣冶炼高速钢进行了热力学和动力学的计算与分析。在熔融还原过程中，CaWO4、MoO3、V2O5将被C、CaC2、Si-Fe、SiC还原。反应过程包括：固一固反应、液一固反应、铁浴反应和液一液反应。开发了低温快速还原、控制渣量、抑制沸腾等技术。还原WO3的限制性环节是WO3在熔渣中的扩散，改善渣的流动性，扩大反应界面能加快WO3的还原；使用阻尼剂能有效抑制钼的挥发。用20t的AC电弧炉还原氧化钨矿工业化生产高速钢M-2已取得成功，具有质量高、缩短工序、节约资源、降低能耗、提高成品率和改善环境等优点。综合上述功效，生产每吨M-2钢可节约成本1780元。应用这一新技术，重庆特钢公司累计生产M-2钢7981t。

Smelting Reduction Process of High Speed Steel

The smelting reduction process of scheelite, molybdenum oxide and vanadium slag is considered by thermodynamic and kinetic calculation and analysis. The scheelite, molybdenum oxide and vanadium slag can be reduced by C, CaC_2, Si-Fe and SiC in the smelting reduction process. The reduction process consist of solid-solid reaction, liquid-solid reaction, reaction in molten steel and liquid-liquid reaction. The technology can realize fast reduction in low temperature, control amount of slag and restrain boiling during reduction stage. The diffusion of WO_3 is the restrictive step of reduction process of WO_3. Improving fluidity of slag and enlarging areas of reaction interface can accelerate reduction process of WO_3. The use of damping preparation can restrain volatilization of molybdenum oxide effectively. The industrial trial of making of M-2 high speed steel with oxide was conducted successfully in 20 t AC-EAF. The quality of final steel is excellent. This process has the advantages of shortening working procedure, economizing resources, minimizing energy consumption and improving environment. All consequences can save the cost of 1 780 yuan per ton. The M-2 high speed steel produced by this new technology added up to 7 981 t in Chongqing Special Steel Corporation.