燃气式超正压射孔技术在陕北低渗透油田的应用

上一世纪90年代以前被石油工业认可和普遍采用的是负压射孔，作业时井底压力低于地层的压力，射孔时井筒液体进入地层容易造成污染。国内自90年代以后，多个油田采用高能气体压裂作为处理近井带堵塞的一种方法，在油田现场实际的应用中证明有一定的增产效果，然而受地层物性影响，作用时间较短。随着时间的演变，慢慢的形成了射孔与高能气体压裂联作措施，射孔后再加压的方式，火药量少，不能充分利用火药产生的能量，但增产效果均比常规射孔明显，这就形成可目前的超正压射孔技术。2009年在陕北某低渗透油田对31口油井进行了试验，有效增产率75％以上，并取得了良好的效果。

Gas pressure perforation technology in the ultra low-permeability Oilfield Northern Shanxi

Summary of the last century the oil industry 90 years ago has been recognized and widely used is the negative-pressure perforation, bottom-holepressure during operation below the formation pressure, perforation when the wellbore fluid to enter stratum easy to cause pollution. After the country since the 90s, a number of oil fields with high-energy gas fracturing, which handled nearly as well with a way to plug in the oil field applications, the actual yield proved to be a certain effect, however, affect the physical properties by the formation, role, shorter processing time. It evolved over time andgradually form a perforation in conjunction with the high-energy gas fracturing for measures to pressure after perforating the way less powder and can not take full advantage of the energy generated by gunpowder, but the yield-increasing effect than that of conventional radio Kong obviously, this positive pressure to form the current ultra-perforating technology. In 2009 in northern Shaanxi, a low-permeability oil fields of the 31 wells tested, effective yield rate of more than 75% and has achieved good results.