氨基磺酸非均相催化菜籽油及废油脂制备生物柴油

采用正交试验和单因素试验的方法研究了氨基磺酸催化菜籽油及废油脂与甲醇的酯交换过程,考察了醇油物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应温度和反应时间对反应收率的影响。结果表明:菜籽油酯交换的最佳反应条件为醇油物质的量比6∶1,氨基磺酸用量为原料油质量的1.0%,反应温度60℃,反应时间20 min,此工艺条件下,脂肪酸甲酯的收率达到95.6%;废油脂酯交换的最佳反应条件为醇油物质的量比8∶1,氨基磺酸用量为原料油质量的1.0%、反应温度65℃,反应时间30 min,此工艺条件下,脂肪酸甲酯的收率达到87.5%。利用红外光谱表征了菜籽油和生物柴油的结构,气相色谱分析了生物柴油的组成。

Synthesis of biodiesel from rapeseed oil and waste oil heterogeneous catalyzed by amino sulfonic acid

The methods of single-factor test and orthogonal test were used to study the process of transesterification of rapeseed oil and waste oil with methanol catalyzed by amino sulfonic acid.The effects of reaction condition on the yield,such as mole ratio of methanol to oil,amount of catalyst,reaction temperature and reaction time were investigated.The results showed that the optimal parameters for transesterification of rapeseed oil are as follows: 6∶1 mole ratio of methanol to rapeseed oil,1.0%amino sulfonic acid in mass of rapeseed oil,60 ℃ and 20 minute,the yield of methyl esters could reach 95.6% under these conditions,and the optimal parameters for transesterification of waste oil are as follows: 8∶1 mole ratio of methanol to waste oil,1.0%amino sulfonic acid in mass of waste oil,65 ℃ and 30 min,the yield of methyl esters could reach 87.5% under these conditions.The structures of rapeseed oil and biodiesel were characterized by infrared spectra,and the compositions of the biodiesel were analyzed by gas chromatography.