某复杂大跨度站房屋盖结构静力加载试验模型设计

主次桁架、变椭圆截面钢斜柱、钢管格构式斜柱、单层椭球壳和鱼眼形结构共同组成了一复杂大跨度站房屋盖结构。为进一步了解结构的力学性能，对该结构进行了试验模型设计并完成了模型静力加载试验。模型设计过程中,在结构纵向截取有代表性的基本单元，其涵盖了屋盖的主要结构特征，并制作了1∶20的大比例缩尺模型。在模型设计中利用相似原理进行了各参数相似比的确定,然后进行了屋盖结构与下部结构间的支座条件模拟。为验证缩尺模型的合理性，对实际模型与试验模型采用有限元软件进行了相似原理验证。验证结果表明：缩尺结构模型能够反应实际结构的基本受力性能。该文的研究成果可为类似工程的模型试验设计与制作提供参考。

Design of static load test model for a complex large span rail-way station

The primary and secondary truss, inclined elliptical section steel column, steel pipe lattice type inclined column, single-layer ellipsoidal shell and fisheye structure together to form a complex of large span station buildings. In order to further understand the mechanical properties of the structure, the test model of the structure was designed and the model of static loading test was completed. The model design process, basic unit of structure in vertical interception, which covers the main structural characteristics of the roof, and made 1 to 20 large scaled model. In the model design, the similarity ratio of each parameter is determined, and then the support condition between the roof structure and the lower structure is simulated. In order to verify the rationality of the scale model, the actual model and test the model using the finite element software to verify the similarity principle. The verification results show that the scale structure model can the basic mechanical behavior of the actual structure of the reaction. The research results of this paper can provide reference for the design and manufacture of similar engineering model test.