制备具有通孔膜结构的聚醚砜微囊

采用“溶胶-凝胶”相转化方法制备带指状通孔结构的聚醚砜（PES）通孔膜微囊，重点研究了制微囊膜溶液中聚合物浓度、添加剂种类和浓度、凝固浴温度、腐蚀时间等因素对所制备的通孔膜微囊的微观结构及其参数的影响。结果表明，随着制囊膜溶液中PES浓度的增加，微囊的壁厚随之而增加，微囊的空隙率也逐渐变小；随氯化锂浓度的增加，微囊壁厚呈上升趋势，而微囊的空隙率下降；随着有机添加剂聚乙二醇和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮浓度的增加，微囊的壁厚均降低，空隙率增加；随着凝固浴温度升高，微囊膜指状孔道孔径变小，支撑层厚度减少，微囊的空隙率增加；随着浸蚀时间的增加，微囊的壁厚下降，空隙率有所升高。通过调节制微囊膜溶液成份和制备工艺条件，可以改变制微囊膜溶液体系热力学平衡性质和成膜动力学行为，从而实现对微囊膜微观结构的控制。

Preparation of Polyethersulfone Microcapsules with Straight Pores Across the Membranes

Polyethersulfone (PES) porous microcapsules with straight pores throughout the membranes were prepared with a gel-sol phase inversion method. Experimental investigations were focused on the effects of PES concentration and additives concentration in the polymer solution, the temperature of coagulation bath and the dissolution time on the microstructures of the porous microcapsules. The results show that the membrane thickness of the microcapsule increase while the microcapsule porosity decrease with increasing the PES concentration in the polymer solution. With increasing the concentration of lithium chloride, the membrane thickness of the microcapsule increased slightly while the microcapsule porosity decreased slightly. With increasing the dosage of the organic additives polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol, the membrane thickness decreased while the porosity increased slightly. With increasing the temperature of the coagulation bath, the pore diameter in the membrane became smaller and the membrane thickness decreased, while the porosity increased. With increasing the dissolution time to remove the dense skin layer, the membrane thickness decreased while the microcapsule porosity decreased slightly. The microstructure of the proposed porous microcapsules could be controlled by changing the composition of the polymer solution to adjusting the thermodynamic characteristics, and/or by changing the operating parameters to adjusting the kinetic behavior of the microcapsule membrane fabrication.