某混合炸药提取铝工艺与动力学研究

研究了含Al混合炸药中Al的酸解反应工艺条件及动力学行为，考察了反应温度、硫酸浓度、炸药粒度及搅拌强度对反应的影响。结果表明，用稀硫酸溶液酸解Al的较适宜条件为：温度在40~50 ℃之间，硫酸浓度0.8 mol/L，炸药颗粒尺寸50目左右；Al的酸浸过程可用“粒径不变收缩芯模型”描述，符合动力学方程g(x)=1-(1-x)^1/3=kt，为化学反应控制类型，表观活化能为42.392 kJ/mol。在此基础上，经线性回归分析，发现表观反应速率常数k与硫酸初始浓度c₀及炸药粒径1/r₀²成正比例关系。

Technology and Kinetics of Leaching Al from Mixed Explosive

The technology and reaction kinetics of leaching Al from the mixed explosive were investigated.The effects of temperature,H2SO4 concentration,size of explosive and stirring strength on reaction were discussed.The results show that suitable extraction technology is： reaction temperature between 40 ℃ and 50 ℃,sulfuric acid concentration 0.8 mol/L,size of explosive 50 meshes.The process of leaching Al can be described by shrinking unreacted core model and meet kinetic equation g（x）=1-（1-x）^1/3=kt.The leaching kinetics was contolled by chemical reaction,and appearance activation energy is 42.392 kJ/mol.Linear regression analysis was applied and found that the apparent reacting rate constant was directly proportional to the concentration of H2SO4（c0） and the size of explosive（1/r0^2）.