铝硅酸盐矿物浮选中捕收剂的设计合成及浮选机理的研究

铝土矿中脉石主要为高岭石、伊利石和叶蜡石等铝硅酸盐矿物，可以采用反浮选脱硅即通过选用合适的捕收剂将这些脉石矿物浮出.本文针对某铝土矿，结合Curis2软件中的高岭石晶体模型分析，从亲矿物基和非极性基两方面设计合成多胺类捕收剂DN12.通过浮选实验、浮选溶液化学计算、动电位测定和红外光谱测定研究该新型药剂对铝硅酸盐矿物的浮选作用及其机理.该捕收剂相对于常规捕收剂对铝硅酸盐矿物有更好的捕收效果，有效浮选pH区间为4~10.该捕收剂与铝硅酸盐矿物的作用以静电作用为主，同时也有氢键作用，从而增强了对矿物的捕收能力.

Design and Synthesis of Collectors for Flotation of Aluminosilicate Minerals and Flotation Mechanism

The gangues in bauxite are mainly aluminosilicate minerals such as kaolinite,il-lite and pyrophyllite. Reverse flotation is adopted to remove silicon, i. e. , these gangure minerals are floated using suitable collectors. Aimed to some bauxite mine,and based on a-nalysis of crystal model of kaolinite using Curis2 software,Polyamines collectors DN12 were designed and synthetized from two aspects of mineral group and non-polar group in the pa-per. The effects of this new collectors on flotation of aluminosilicate minerals and the flota-tion mechanisms were studied by flotation experiments,chemical calculation of flotation so-lutions,zeta potential,and infrared spectrum,respectively. The new collectors have a better effectiveness for catching aluminosilicate minerals than conventional collectors,and the pH ranges of effective flotation are 4~10. The action of DN12 on aluminosilicate minerals was mainly electrostatic adsorption,and also hydrogen bonding which increase the catching ca-pacity to minerals.