城市森林公园景观美景度评价及影响 因素分析

当前,对城市森林公园美景度影响因素的体系构建及要素量化还处于探索阶段,对访客群体差异性及其机理研究不足。以南昌市瑶湖郊野森林公园为例进行景观美景度研究,对上述问题进行了深入分析,为城市森林公园景观设计质量提升提供科学依据。分层选取4种类型40个景观样本,分别进行大众群体评价和设计要素细分。以正态分位数法计算每个样本的美景度值(SBE)。采取逐步回归分析法和最佳子集分析法,分别建立美景度值和影响因子的评价模型,结果如下。1)从类别看,美景度排序为：道路景观>建筑及小品景观>水体景观>植被景观。2)10个评价因子均与景观美景度显著相关,其中“设施协调感”关联性最强。3)评价因子对美景度的影响程度排序为：设施协调感>空间尺度感>场景均衡性>画面联想性>景观主从性>形式统一感。4)不同性别群体对比,女性评价均值高于男性,离散系数低于男性。5)不同居住地和受教育程度对景观审美均产生影响。结论表明,公园环境美景度与研究所界定的景观设计评价因子有直接关联,但不同的评价因子对美景度的影响程度不同。6个评价因子对环境营造和设计方法有着直接的启示意义。通过逐...

Scenic Beauty Evaluation and Influencing Factors Analysis of Urban Forest Parks

Currently, the construction of a comprehensive framework and the quantification of factors influencing the scenic beauty of urban forest parks are still in the exploratory stage. There is a lack of research on visitor heterogeneity and its underlying mechanisms. This study focuses on Yao Lake Suburban Forest Park in Nanchang City to conduct an in-depth analysis of scenic beauty, addressing the aforementioned issues. The findings aim to provide a scientific basis for enhancing the quality of landscape design in urban forest parks. Forty landscape samples, classified into four types, were selected through stratified sampling. Public evaluations and detailed assessment of design elements were conducted. The Scenic Beauty Evaluation (SBE) value for each sample was calculated using the normal quantile method. Stepwise regression analysis and best subset analysis were employed to establish evaluation models for the scenic beauty values and influencing factors. The results include: 1) In terms of categories, the ranking of scenic beauty is as follows: road landscapes > architectural and sculptural landscapes > water landscapes > vegetation landscapes. 2) All ten evaluation factors exhibit a significant correlation with scenic beauty, with the strongest association observed for "facilities coordination". 3) The influencing factors on scenic beauty are ranked as follows: facilities coordination > spatial scale perception > scene balance > pictorial association > landscape hierarchy > formal unity. 4) When comparing different gender groups, females tend to provide higher average evaluation scores than males, with lower variability in their responses. 5) Place of residence and education level have an impact on landscape aesthetics. The conclusion shows that the aesthetic appeal of park environments is directly linked to the landscape design evaluation factors defined by existing research; however, the degree of influence varies among different factors. Six evaluation factors provide direct insights into environmental creation and design approaches. Through stepwise regression and automatic linear modeling analyses, significant attention should be given to the impact of facilities coordination and spatial scale perception on the perceived scenic beauty by the primary target audience. The analysis of variability and mean scores highlights aesthetic differences among genders, residential areas, and educational backgrounds.