原油乳状液油-水界面上活性物的结构和活性

通过综合的方法分离出大庆原油和胜利原油乳状液油-水界面上的活性物，用元素分析、红外、核磁、色质联用等方法分析其化学结构，并在油饿水模型体系中测定了它们的动态界面张力，考察其化学结构与界面活性之间的关系。结果表明，水相的pH值影响原油中的含氧化合物在油．水界面膜上的吸附；沥青、胶质和蜡是界面活性物的主要成分，对油-水界面膜的形成和稳定起着重要的作用；原油的酸性组分对油-水界面膜的动态界面张力有着决定性的影响。

STURCTURES AND PROPERITIES OF INTERFACIAL ACTIVE COMPONENTS IN CRUDE OIL EMULSION

Interfacial active components were isolated from emulsions of Daqing and Shengli crude oils and separated by comprehensive methods. These components were analyzed by elemental analysis, GC-MS,NMR,FTIR etc. ,and the dynamic interfacial tension of the interfacial active components in the model oil-alkaline water system was measured to study the relationship between their chemical structure and the interfacial tension. The results showed that the pH affected the concentration of acidic compounds adsorbed on the interfacial film of the crude oil/water,and the asphaltene,resin and wax were the main components of the interfacial active components in crude oil, enhancing the formation and stability of the interfacial film of crude oil/water system. The carboxylic acids played a key role in decreasing dynamic interfacial tension in the model oil/alkali water system.