代谢工程在酿酒酵母茵育种中的应用研究进展

酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)是传统的乙醇生产重要菌株,也是第1个完成基因组测序的真核生物。随着世界能源储备的日益枯竭,燃料乙醇作为液体可再生能源的广泛应用,利用生物技术对酿酒酵母进行遗传修饰,改变其代谢网络,构建高产乙醇的转基因酿酒酵母已成为当今酿酒酵母分子育种的热点。针对近年来利用代谢工程拓展酿酒酵母底物利用范围、降低副产物生成率、提高乙醇产量、改良细胞特性以及缩短发酵周期等方面的研究进展予以综述。

Recent Advances in Application of Methods Based on Metabolic Engineering in Breeding Saccharom yces cerevisiae

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, genomic DNA sequenced in eukaryotic microorganisms, is a traditional ethanol-producing strain with the excellent properties. With reserves of petroleum fast depleting in the world, ethanol has emerged as one of the most important alternative resources for liquid fuel and has generated a great enthusiasm of research interest in restructuring metabolic pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for improvement in ethanol production through genetic modification. The current states of these efforts in extension of substrate range, elimination of by-products, improvements of ethanol productivity and cellular properties are discussed in this review.