干湿交替对土壤磷素迁移转化影响的研究综述

土壤磷素的丰缺制约着生态系统初级生产力的生长状况。土壤的结构与理化性质长期受到干湿交替的周期性扰动,而干湿交替又显著影响着土壤磷素的迁移转化途径。系统总结了近年来国内外对干湿交替作用下土壤的水分含量、吸附特性以及微生物对土壤磷素迁移转化影响的研究及报道。研究成果表明:①不同水分条件改变了土壤空隙与传输通道,且不同程度地刺激了有机残体的矿化分解以及氧化还原强度,进而影响土壤磷素的迁移与形态转化;②干湿交替改变了土壤颗粒粒径、土壤吸附点位以及金属化合物形态,进而影响了土壤磷的吸附性能;③土壤微生物磷在干湿交替过程中成为土壤磷素的主要来源之一,微生物对干湿交替的不同响应影响着土壤磷素。并对今后的研究进行了展望。

Review of the Effect of Drying-rewetting Alternation on the Transportation and Transformation of Soil Phosphorus

The abundance of soil phosphorus controls the development of primary productivity of ecosystems.The structure and the physical-chemical properties of soil have been long-time affected by the periodical drying-rewetting alternation which has a significant impact on the transportation and transformation of soil phosphorus.In this re-view,we summarize recent researches on the process of phosphorus transport and transformation due to soil moisture content,soil adsorption characteristics and soil microbes in the presence of drying-rewetting alternations.The main results are:(1 )moisture content changes soil porosity and its transmission path,stimulates the mineralization of organic matter and redox intensity to different extents,thus affecting the transportation and transformation of soil phosphorus;(2)drying-rewetting alternation changes soil particle size,adsorption sites and the forms of metallic compounds,thus affecting the soil adsorption properties of phosphorus;(3)microbiological phosphorus becomes a main source of soil phosphorus in the process of drying-rewetting alternations,and the physiology response of micro-organisms is a key factor affecting the soil phosphorus.Further research prospects are also put forward in this re-view.