Electrical energy production and operational strategies from a farm-scale anaerobic batch reactor loaded with rice straw and piggery wastewater |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Cassino, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, FR, Italy;2. UNESCO-IHE, Westvest 7, 2611 AX Delft, The Netherlands;3. Acqua & Sole, s.r.l., Manzola Fornace, 27014 Corteolona, PV, Italy;1. School of Electrical Engineering Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia;1. Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of the Education Ministry of China, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, 400044, China;2. Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China;1. College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;2. College of Economics and Management, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China;3. Weichai Power Co., Ltd., WeiFang 261041, China;1. Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD 4000, Australia;2. School of Engineering, Deakin University, VIC 3216, Australia;3. International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), QLD 4000, Australia |
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| Abstract: | A farm-scale biogas plant loaded with untreated rice straw and co-digested with raw pig wastewater was operated and monitored during a complete digestion cycle. One active anaerobic digester cell (6600 m3) containing 727 tons of rice straw, 285 tons of pig wastewater and approximately 1300 tons of water was operated for a total of 422 days. Cumulative energy production of 295 MWh and an estimated specific methane yield of 181 LCH4/kgVS added was achieved. A direct correlation between daily power production and digester temperature was observed, with a maximum power production of 2.74 MWh/d. Mesophilic conditions were reached inside the digester during the summer months by recovering waste heat from the engine and recycling it through the leachate recirculation process.A slow start-up period of approximately 200 days was observed, but increased leachate recirculation rates (from 0.04 to >0.14 m3/m3straw-d) resulted in increased gas production that initiated the microbial growth phase in the digestion cycle. Although sufficient buffering capacity as well as macro- and micronutrients were supplied to the system by the pig wastewater, an overall straw (dry wt.) to wastewater ratio (wet wt.) of 1 to 1.4 is recommended to improve gas production and decrease the acclimation period. A raw economic assessment of the system shows an investment recovery time of 8.3 years. Improvements such as continuous leachate recirculation, a more efficient heat exchange system to maintain mesophilic conditions year round, and periodic addition of fresh wastewater and sludge acclimated to lignocellulosic material are recommended to achieve a more sustainable and profitable system. |
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| Keywords: | Anaerobic digestion Rice straw Methane Mesophilic Farm-scale Energy production |
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