Ku频段宽带相控阵天线技术研究

阵列天线易于实现高增益、波束扫描及波束赋形等功能,成为现代无线通信、导航、雷达等信息系统收发信号的主要手段。为满足高速率、广覆盖、多功能等发展需求,现代无线信息系统要求阵列天线具有宽工作带宽、宽角波束扫描能力及平面化、低剖面等特性。为此,文中以Ku频段、低剖面、宽频带相控阵天线为研究方向,基于微带天线宽带化技术、L型探针耦合馈电技术及加载等效腔体结构,开展微带天线的宽带化和相控阵天线的宽角扫描技术研究。文中提出了一种基于L型探针耦合馈电结构的具有宽带、宽角扫描能力的8×8阵列天线。实测结果表明,在VSWR<3时,在13.0～18.0 GHz阻抗带宽内(相对带宽为32.3%),该阵列天线在E面和H面均可实现±60°的扫描覆盖范围。实测结果和仿真结果具有较好的一致性。

Research on Ku-band Wideband Phased Array Antenna Technology

Phased array antenna with high gain, beam shaping and beam scanning have become the main means of transmitting and receiving signals for modern information systems, which have been widely used in wireless communication, radar and navigation fields. To meet the development demand of modern information system for higher speed, wider coverage and more functions, the array antenna needs to take the wide bandwidth, wide beam scanning capability, low profile and planarization into account. Therefore, an 8×8 array antenna with wideband and wide-angle scanning capability based on L-type probe coupling feed structure is proposed. The array antenna adopts laminated patch and loaded equivalent cavity structure, which has excellent features such as low profile, wide operating band, high gain, high port isolation and large scanning angle. Finally, the array antenna is processed and tested. It indicates that impedance bandwidth of the array antenna with VSWR<3 is from 13 GHz to 18 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 32. 3%, the array antenna can achieve the scanning coverage of ±60° in both plane E and H.